Fall Of U.S.S.R Part ii

1989- Year Of Revolutions

From Summer of 1989 till 1991 there were revolutions in all of Eastern and Central European countries starting from Poland, Hungary, East Germany, Czechoslovakia, Bulgaria, Romania, Yugoslavia. The important thing in these revolutions was they were nationalist in nature, each country wanted independence from rule of Moscow and overthrow of Communist Rule.
In all the countries except Romania the process was bloodless, In Romania the process was violent the dictator of Romania was executed on Live TV in 1989. And thus the communist governments were removed after the revolution.

This lead to Domino Effect, thus the states like Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania(Also known as Baltic states because they are near Baltic Sea) declared sovereignty or independence from 1987 and officially got in 1991.

The reason of these countries revolution early on was they are historically different from Russia. After WW1 these countries were established and right before WW2 Russia annexed them under Molotov Ribbentrop Pact, which was signed between USSR and Germany. As the Domino Effect progressed by 1991 one by one all the 15 sub national soviets became independent and more or less USSR didn't exist.

August Coup of 1991

On August 1991, a group of senior party leaders attempted a coup d'etat by placing Gorbachev under house arrest in Crimea in order to restore USSR but it failed horribly as people in cities rose against the coup, even the Red army refused to support the coup leaders.

During this coup d'etat a very important leader Boris Yelstin who was leader of Moscow unit of Communist Party, He became a big leader of the country because he has already been advocating for Russian Independence from USSR, and thus became a leader of public in coup. And later became the First president of Russia in 1991.

After The Failed Coup

In 1991 Boris Yelstin brought back Gorbachev from Crimea but the position of Gorbachev was very weak & even people believed in Boris Yelstin and this break up process accelerated and thus on 8th December 1991, the presidents of Russia, Ukraine and Belarus signed the Belavezha Accords and this dissolved the USSR in name and established Common Wealth Of States(CIS) in its place.

And few days after this Gorbachev also resigned as President of USSR on 25th December and Supreme Soviet dissolves the Union on 26 December.

Aftermath

There were severe economic contraction and catastrophic fall in living standards in post soviet states. There was increase in poverty, crime, corruption, unemployment, disease and income inequality, decrease in life expectancy, adult literacy and income. The conditions in USSR were very horrible in 1990's.

This is how the USSR Fell. 

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